Martial Arts

Martial arts refers to various self-defensepopular wrestling form, attempts to turn an
techniques, usually unarmed combat, based onattacker's force to one's own advantage by using
skills developed in ancient China, India, Korea andthrowing and grappling techniques. Some martial
Tibet. Some of the popular martial art formsart forms also use weapons like in fencing,
include karate, kung fu, judo, tai chi chuan, sumobanshay, Iaido, etc.
wrestling, aikido and tae kwon do, among others.In Asia the teaching of martial arts still follows the
However, in the contemporary world, martial artsConfucian cultural tradition of teacher-disciple
are not only used for self-protection but oftenapprenticeship, wherein a student is trained in a
focus on spiritual aspects, as well as increasingstrictly hierarchical system by a master instructor.
self-confidence, assertiveness and concentration.However, martial art forms in Europe are more
Martial arts are generally characterized accordingin-tune with contemporary technology and are
to the fighting styles i.e. striking, kicking, grapplingused as an extension to modern-day warfare. In
and throwing, and weaponry. Kung fu and karate,the US, Native Americans had their own martial
a popular martial arts form, use striking techniquesart forms which became obsolete with the
that include kicks, throws, dodges, holds, leaps andpassing of time. However, European colonists and
somersaults. However, tae kwon do, whichAsian immigrants brought their own martial arts
originated in Korea, employs kicking, punching, andsuch as boxing, fencing and wrestling, which
various evasive techniques. Meanwhile, grapplinggained considerable popularity.
and throwing techniques are used mostly in sumoTraditionally, martial arts were used as a
wrestling, aikido and judo. In sumo wrestling, hugeself-defense system. However, in the
men attempt to force each other out of the ringcontemporary world, the fighting form is not only
or bring each other to the mat by employingmodified into various sports forms, but some of
various grappling skills. Aikido is considered to bethem are also used in dance-like settings as a
the gentlest martial art, and is not practiced as apopular style of self-expression.
competitive sport. On the other hand, judo, a