The Sixteen Styles of Aikido

The major styles of aikido each have their ownwas a long time uchideshi of O Sensei, beginning in
Hombu Dojo in Japan, have an international1946 and staying with him through his death.
breadth and were founded by direct students ofMany consider that Saito sensei was the student
Morihei Ueshiba. Although there has been anwho spent most time directly studying with O
explosion of "independent styles" generally onlySensei. Saito sensei said he was trying to
the first five listed have been considered major.preserve and teach the art exactly as the
Iwama Ryu is a debateable sixth as, although itsfounder of aikido taught it to him. Technically,
influence is major, it has until recently been partIwama-ryu seems to resemble the aikido O
of the Aikikai.Sensei was teaching in the early 50s mainly in the
1. AikikaiIwama dojo. The technical repertoire is fairly large.
The largest aikido organisation, and is led by theIwama Ryu Aikido, currently headed by Saito
family of the founder. Numerous sub-organisationsHitohiro, is a separate organisation from the
and teachers affiliate themselves with thisAikikai. The Iwama Dojo is currently affiliated to
umbrella organisation, which thereforethe Aikikai and is not considered a separate style.
encompasses a wide variety of aikido styles,Many instructors who were deeply influenced by
training methods and technical differences.Saito Morihiro consider themselves Iwama Style,
Prominent sub-organisations include numeralhowever.
national Aikikai, as well as several US based7. Shin'ei Taido
including United States Aikido Federation (USAF)Founded by the late Noriaki Inoue, nephew of
and Aikido Schools of Ueshiba (ASU).Morihei Ueshiba.
2. Yoshinkan8. Yoshokai
Founded by Gozo Shioda, this branch has aYoshokai aikido, begun by then-hachidan Takashi
reputation for being the most rigidly precise.Kushida-sensei of Yoshinkan aikido, is a
Students of Yoshinkan aikido practise basicremarkably centralised style of aikido, with test
movements as solo kata, and this style has beentechniques yearly passed down with explanations
popular among the Japanese police. Thefrom the home dojo. The syllabus contains a
international organisation associated with theconsiderable amount of weapons study, and like
Yoshinkan style of aikido is known as theYoshinkan, Yoshokai includes many solo
Yoshinkai, and has active branches in many partsmovements and exercises.
of the world.9. Tendoryu Aikido
3. YoseikanHeaded by Kenji Shimizu.
This form was developed by Minoru Mochizuki,10. Shin Budo Kai
who was an early student of O Sensei and alsoHeaded by Shizuo Imaizumi.
of Jigoro Kano at the Kodokan. This style includes11. Kokikai
elements of aiki-budo together with aspects ofKokikai aikido, founded by Shuji Maruyama in
karate, judo and other arts. It is now carried on1986, focuses on minimalist but effective
by his son, Hiroo Mochizuki, the creator oftechnique. It emphasises natural stances and
Yoseikan Budo.ukemi that do not require high breakfalls, and
4. Shodokan Aikidodeemphasises atemi and techniques that cause
Often called Tomiki aikido, after its founder, thispain or undue discomfort to uke. As such, it is
style use sparring and rule based competition inconsidered by some to be a "soft" style of aikido.
training as opposed to most others. People tend12. Seidokan
to compete to train rather than to train toHeaded by Rod Kobayashi. Tends to utilise
compete. Kenji Tomiki, an early student of Omovements which are very small and economical.
Sensei and also of Judo's Jigoro Kano, believedEncourages students to discover an aikido which is
that introducing an element of competition wouldtruly their own, stresses the importance of doing
serve to sharpen and focus the practice since itaway with the extraneous and focusing on that
was no longer tested in real combat. This latterwhich works.
view was the cause of a split with O Sensei's13. Nippon Kan
family who firmly believed that there was noHeaded by Gaku Homma.
place for competition in aikido training. Tomiki said14. Tenshin
that at no point did O Sensei actually cast him out.Headed by Luis Santos. The style of Steven
5. Ki SocietySeagal. It is considered a "hard" style of aikido,
The Ki Society, founded by formerfocussing on the practical side of aikido and using
head-instructor of the Hombu dojo 10th dan Koichitechniques that in real world situations would be
Tohei, emphasises very soft flowing techniqueseffective and sometimes brutal. Though there are
and has a special program for the developmentfew dojos in the United States, the number is
of ki. It also has a special system of ki-ranksgrowing.
alongside the traditional kyu and dan system. This15. Nihon Goshin Aikido
style is called Shin Shin Toitsu Aikido (or Ki-Aikido).Headed by Richard Bowe. It is considered a "hard"
6. Iwama Ryustyle of aikido, combining techniques from Karate,
Iwama Ryu emphasises the relation betweenJudo and Daito-Ryu Aikijutsu. There are roughly a
weapon techniques and barehand techniques, anddozen dojos in the United States and none left in
a great deal of emphasis is placed on weaponsJapan. Founded by Shoto Morita in Japan circa
training. Since the death of its founder Morihiro1950. Derivative styles include Nihon Goshin
Saito, the Iwama style has been practiced byAikijutsu founded by Walter Kopitov in 2000.
clubs within the Aikikai and an independent16.
organisation headed by Hitohiro Saito. Saito sensei